hypertension) cause disorders of
enteroendocrine cell function, reflected in changes in the number, morphology, location, and activity of these cells in the gastrointestinal tract.
The villi contain specialized, differentiated cell types including cells of the absorptive lineage (e.g., enterocytes) and of the secretory lineage (e.g.,
enteroendocrine cells and goblet cells) [4].
NGM Biopharma has established a platform capable of isolating and analysing
enteroendocrine cell. The platform is to recognise novel secreted peptide hormones that are linked to metabolic effects of bariatric surgery.
Neurogenin-3 and
enteroendocrine cell lineage in the adult mouse small intestinal epithelium.
Regazzi et al., "Expression of SNARE proteins in
enteroendocrine cell lines and functional role of tetanus toxin-sensitive proteins in cholecystokinin release," FEBS Letters, vol.
The SCFAs act as ligands for the G protein-coupled receptors GPR41 and GPR43, expressed by
enteroendocrine cells in the GIT mucosa (Figure 1) [15-17].
The decreased GLP-1R signaling may modify acid secretion directly in parietal cells and/or via paracrine regulation of the cells by somatostatin- and gastrin-secreting
enteroendocrine cells [19, 20].
Shown are markers for enterocytes (EC), Paneth cells (PC),
enteroendocrine cells (EE), goblet cells (GC), and stem cells (SC).
Increased rectal mucosal
enteroendocrine cells, T lymphocytes, and increased gut permeability following acute Campylobacter enteritis and in post-dysenteric irritable bowel syndrome.
Enteroendocrine cells appear between 9 and 11 weeks and Paneth cells differentiate at the base of the crypts at about 11 and 12 weeks.
SCFAs, when present in sufficient quantities, regulate PPAR gamma as well as increasing incretin production in gut
enteroendocrine cells. This allows a shift in metabolism to increased lipid synthesis and decreased beta-oxidation.