capital-output ratio


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capital-output ratio

a measure of how much additional CAPITAL is required to produce each extra unit of OUTPUT, or, put the other way round, the amount of extra output produced by each unit of added capital. The capital-output ratio indicates how ‘efficient’ new INVESTMENT is in contributing to ECONOMIC GROWTH. Assuming, for example, a 4:1 capital-output ratio, each four units of extra investment enables national output to grow by one unit. If the capital-output ratio is 2:1, however, then each two units of extra investment expands national income by one unit. See CAPITAL ACCUMULATION, PRODUCTIVITY.

See also SOLOW ECONOMIC-GROWTH MODEL.

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References in periodicals archive ?
First, PWT assumes that when a country's data are first observed, its nominal capital-output ratio is 2.6, based on contemporaneous evidence (Feenstra et al.
The Composition of Capital and Cross-country Productivity Comparisons
Values for [[theta].sub.k] = 0.5459 and [[theta].sub.a] = 0.1251 are chosen to match the capital-output ratio and robot-to-capital ratio in the data.
A New Keynesian Model with Robots: Implications for Business Cycles and Monetary Policy
If one recognizes that there is an existing capital-output ratio for efficient operation, and if one assumes full employment of existing capital at the start, it is true that an increase in demand will raise output and thus induce the requirement for new capital, or investment.
The Accelerator Theory in a Keynesian Framework Does Not Work
As the best available data source on unsecured versus secured credit is available at annual frequency, I calibrate the model annually and set [delta], [alpha], and [beta] in a standard fashion to match plausible values of capital depreciation, factor income shares, and the capital-output ratio, respectively.
Credit Cycles and Business Cycles
The lower level of national investments, measured in international currency has a negative impact on the capital-output ratio. There is also a short-term negative impact on real wages due to an increase in the price of imported products.
Labour and financial crises: is labour paying the price of the crisis?
We choose the values of preference parameters [rho], [gamma], [lambda], and [beta] in such a way that our model economy's capital-output ratio matches that of the U.S.
Temptation-driven behavior and taxation: a quantitative analysis in a life-cycle model
Barrell (2009) illustrates that the magnitude of the output scars suffered from this channel depend both on the magnitude of the rise in the user cost of capital and on the initial capital-output ratio of the economy.
Reassessing productive capacity in the United States
A sampling of topics: the gains from international trade, protection and real wages, a reconsideration of the theory of value, the basic theorems of classical welfare economics, the economic implications of learning by doing, economies with a finite set of equilibria, and the influence of the capital-output ratio on real national income.
Paul A. Samuelson, John R. Hicks, Kenneth J. Arrow, Gerard Debreu and Maurice F.C. Allais
Next we explore how the capital-output ratio changes in the model.
Entry cost, financial friction, and cross-country differences in income and TFP
It includes, such factors as: (i) productivity, (ii) input-output ratio, and (iii) capital-output ratio. These are described in Table-6.
Industrial development disparity in Uttar Pradesh vis-a-vis the principal states and the national economy
From the naive accelerator theory we have I = v[DELTA]Y, where v is the capital-output ratio. Equating the two equations for investment provides a growth path for income that is driven mainly by savings, as the capital-output ratio is constant, i.e., Y = A[e.sup.(s/v)t], where t is time, and s/v is the warranted-growth rate.
Paul Samuelson and the dual Pasinetti theory

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