capital movements

capital movements

the flows of FOREIGN CURRENCY between countries representing both short-term and long-term INVESTMENT in physical ASSETS and FINANCIAL SECURITIES and BORROWINGS. See CAPITAL INFLOW, CAPITAL OUTFLOW, BALANCE OF PAYMENTS, FOREIGN INVESTMENTS.
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Capital flows continue to encounter frictions at national borders; international financial markets are not yet characterized by perfect capital mobility and structural homogeneity.(27) Still, it is clear that government policies formerly accommodating the possibility, or the necessity, of controls on short-tenn capital movements have lately converged in the direction of liberalization.
Capital mobility, state autonomy and political legitimacy
International organizations, such as the Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) and the European Community (EC), have promoted, to varying degrees, the liberalization of capital movements among their member countries.(1) The "Code of Liberalization of Capital Movements," an agreement drawn in 1982 by the OECD, sets different degrees of capital liberalization among its member countries, depending on the nature of capital transactions (e.g., direct or portfolio investment).
The real exchange rate under various systems of international capital taxation
In fact, it was already moribund, fundamentally destabilized by the freeing of capital movements. Even though a single currency could have been the appropriate answer, the drawn-out transition imposed by the treaty created a depressing catch-22 situation: Violent currency crises will continue to arise as long as the EMS exists, but monetary union without the EMS won't be achieved.
Hurdles to monetary union in Europe
For this reason, most governments regularly resorted to various types of controls on short-term capital movements in the decades following World War II.
The obsolescence of capital controls? Economic management in an age of global markets
Should these "reforms" continue, and should special agreements between the three countries remove the few remaining barriers to trade and capital movements, then we will have a de facto NAFTA in the absence of one de jure.
The human costs of NAFTA
The dilemma for those who regulate securities markets and those who set accounting standards is how to adopt standards that facilitate cross-border capital movements without lessening the quantity and quality of information available to investors and without putting domestic companies at a competitive disadvantage with foreign companies.
What's the FASB doing about international accounting standards?
Royal Dutch Shell CEO Ben van Beurden commented: "Good operational delivery across all Shell businesses produced one of our strongest-ever quarters, with cash flow from operations of $14.7 billion, excluding working capital movements. Our strong financial performance allowed us to cover the cash dividend, interest payments, share buybacks and to further pay down debt.
Royal Dutch Shell still intends to purchase $25B of shares by end of 2020
The adjustments include the exercise of pre-emption rights of the BBE power plant in Spain by an existing partner as well as the financial performance of the portfolio and working capital movements since the effective date of 1 October 2012, the buyer explained.
Shell completes buy of LNG assets from Repsol
"In current circumstances, the stability of financial markets and the banking system in Cyprus constitutes a matter of overriding public interest and public policy justifying the imposition of temporary restrictions on capital movements," said the EU's executive body in a statement.
EU justifies control on capital movement in Cyprus
"The Commission will monitor closely with the Cypriot authorities, other member states, the European Central Bank and the European Banking Authority the implementation of the imposed restrictive measures on capital movements," it said in a statement.
EU to monitor Cyprus capital controls closely
Governor, Prasarn Trairatvorakul, said, 'Yesterday's decision was not because of capital movements but it was rather a cushion and buying insurance against the global economy going forward.'
-Thai central bank explains surprise rate cut
But Gazprom Neft's purchase of minority stakes in NIS and Sibir Energy, as well as working capital movements, drained free cash flow to near-zero in 1H11.
Uralsib - Gazprom Neft - 2Q11 US GAAP Review - Aug 3, 2011

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