The very latest-born cohort (1986 to 1988) again adds
breadwinning to the ideal of male attractiveness.
105) Fatherhood is not just about
breadwinning anymore.
However, the storyline emphasizes how working and
breadwinning seems not only to be something that fathers do, but an essential part of fathering.
Second, when a
breadwinning woman was ineligible for leave, financial considerations made fathers' leave-taking a pragmatic option even for those who had no interest in shared care giving.
A man's place in the workplace was one criterion by which one could engage in middle-class masculinity, continuing the relationship between work,
breadwinning and masculinity that had been officially institutionalised in 1907 by Justice Henry Higgins' concept of the family wage (Hearn, 2006).
build egalitarian marriages where both partners shared
breadwinning and
Perhaps because of the enduring cultural expectation that men are responsible for
breadwinning whereas women are responsible for caregiving, women entrepreneurs, especially those who opt for entrepreneurship as a strategy to reconcile work-family conflict, are more likely to be secondary earners in their household and are less likely to receive spousal support.
As the dual-earner parented household is swiftly becoming the norm in response to increased economic challenges (Cherlin, 2013), families are forced to adjust how they navigate work-family imbalances that include struggles over
breadwinning roles as well as housework and child care responsibilities (Gerson & Jacobs, 2004).
Allam added that confronting women's problems and developing appropriate solutions is among the most important issues adopted by the party, and that the party is also preparing women-oriented rehabilitation and development programmes, especially for women in rural areas and
breadwinning women.
Despite insisting on the equal dignity and value of men and women, we still regard men's traditional work of
breadwinning as more valuable and important than women's traditional work of caregiving.
Family income: How much income does a family need if the
breadwinning spouse dies?
and
breadwinning, this Article proposes changes to the child support
