ZWD

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ZWD

The ISO 4217 currency code for the Zimbabwe Dollar.

ZWD

Former ISO 4217 code for the Zimbabwean dollar. It replaced the Rhodesian dollar following (official) independence from Britain in 1980 and was used until hyperinflation forced a change to a new currency code in 2009. It was used for the first, second, and third Zimbabwe dollars. See also: ZWL.

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They concluded that the mean difference of ZWD was 0.8 mm (radiosonde showing higher values).

Column water vapour: an intertechnique comparison of estimation methods in Estonia/Ohusamba niiskussisaldus: maaramisviiside vordlus Eesti andmetel

Al respecto, el ZWD se estimo a partir de las observaciones GPS y del modelo Wet-Niell (Niell, 1996), calculando los parametros troposfericos especificos del lugar de observacion con una resolucion temporal de 30min.

Determining tropospheric water vapor by GPS observations: first experiments in Venezuela/Determinacion del vapor de agua troposferico a traves de observaciones GPS: primeros ensayos en Venezuela/Derminacao do vapor de agua troposferico a traves de observacoes GPS: primeiros ensaios na Venezuela

Accordingly, the percentage change in the price level in Zimbabwe equals the percentage change in the exchange rate (ZWD per unit of USD).

On the measurement of Zimbabwe's hyperinflation

The resulting Zenith Total Delay (ZTD) by processing GNSS data, which is caused by the tropospheric refraction, is divided into two components: 1) the hydrostatic part called Zenith Hydrostatic Delay (ZHD) and 2) the non-hydrostatic delay part called Zenith Wet Delay (ZWD) (Davis et al., 1985) or Wet Tropospheric Delay (WTD).

EVALUATION OF THE AMBIGUITY RESOLUTION AND DATA PRODUCTS FROM DIFFERENT ANALYSIS CENTERS ON ZENITH WET DELAY USING PPP METHOD

GNSS-derived PWV is obtained from the ZWD multiplying by a conversion factor n [21, 22] which is a function of weighted-mean temperature ([T.sub.m]) over the station [8].

Seasonal Multifactor Modelling of Weighted-Mean Temperature for Ground-Based GNSS Meteorology in Hunan, China

SWD([epsilon],[theta]) = m([epsilon])*(ZWD + cotg [epsilon] ([G.sub.N]*cos[theta] + +[G.sub.E]*sin[theta]) + R,

Comparison of GPS slant wet delays acquired by different techniques

The ZTD can be split into hydrostatic ZHD and wet ZWD component of the delay:

The concept of the near real time atmosphere model based on the GNSS and the meteorological data from the ASG-EUPOS reference stations

By analogy Zenith Tropospheric Delay (ZTD) can be split into a hydrostatic part ZHD and a wet part ZWD:

The quality of meteorological observations and tropospheric delay from EPN/IGS permanent stations located in the Sudety Mountains and in the adjacent areas