"There were several mouse models of TSC previously published, but they all had seizures and died early in life, making it difficult to study social cognition."That is one reason why we turned to knocking out the TSC1 gene only in cerebellar
Purkinje cells, which have been implicated in autism.
Morphologic diagnoses of the cerebellum included multifocal, subacute
Purkinje cell degeneration, necrosis, with Bergmann's astrocytosis, granular cell atrophy, and chronic, locally extensive encephalomalacia with mineralization, gliosis, spongiosis, neovascularization, and gitter cell infiltration.
At the inhibitory synapse between the basket cell and
Purkinje cells in the cerebellum, the RRP seemed more homogeneous, and heterogeneous Pr was not observed.
In a new study, researchers at Boston Children's Hospital used stem cell technology to create cerebellar cells known as
Purkinje cells from patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), a genetic syndrome that often includes ASD-like features.
Results: It was observed on microscopic examination that EMF from 2G, 3G and 4G mobile phones effected the organization of
Purkinje cell layer of cerebellum; being double cell layer in group B and multiple cell layers in groups C and D.
Immunohistochemistry of brain sections revealed that DSCAM is highly expressed in the cerebral cortex, granule layer of the dentate gyrus, pyramidal cell layer of Ammon's horn of the hippocampus (stratum pyramidale), thalamus, and cerebellar
Purkinje cells of both WT (Figure 2A,C,E) and APP transgenic mice (Figure 2B,D,F).
The number of [alpha]-synuclein (+) cells was assessed by systematically scoring at least 100
Purkinje cells per field in 10 fields of tissue sections at a magnification of 100x.
Gentile et al., "Interleukin-1[beta] alters glutamate transmission at
Purkinje cell synapses in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis," Journal of Neuroscience, vol.
Lennon, "
Purkinje cell cytoplasmic autoantibody type 1 accompaniments: the cerebellum and beyond," Archives of Neurology, vol.
Antibodies to ANNA-1, amphiphysin,
Purkinje Cell (PCA-1), striated muscle, N and P/Q type calcium channels, acetylcholine receptor binding, neuronal K+ channel, GAD-65, P/Q type calcium channels, and ganglioside were all undetectable.
The
Purkinje cells were arranged in one row at D7 to form a
Purkinje cell layer.