Pollution Haven

A jurisdiction with few environmental restrictions relative to other jurisdictions. It has been suggested that companies in "dirty" industries such as mining or milling have an incentive to relocate to pollution havens, but there is evidence of this actually happening.

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Pollution Haven Hypothesis

References in periodicals archive ?

Although, current policies support the 'industrial flight hypothesis' but it also leads to the relaxed environmental regulations turning Pakistan a 'Pollution Haven' for the foreign investors and multinational companies.

Economic reforms package neglects environment

The first hypothesis is "pollution haven hypothesis" (PHH), in which it is presumed that there will be high pollution in developing countries after entering into a FTA because of the country's non-restrictive environmental regulations.

Free Trade Agreements and Environmental Nexus in Pakistan

These concerns have strengthened the well-known pollution haven hypothesis, where environmental standards and regulations play a key role in the reallocation of polluting industries with poor environmental regulation.

REFORMAS MULTILATERALES SOBRE COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE EN UNA ECONOMIA ABIERTA Y CONTAMINADA

(2009), "An Empirical Investigation of the Pollution Haven Effect with Strategic Environment and Trade Policy," Journal of International Economics 78(2): 242-255.

Toward a sustainable global economy: an initiative for G20 leadership

From 1977 to 1986, industries whose pollution abatement costs increased the most experienced the largest relative gain in imports of that industry's products, probably because of the "pollution haven" effect--the expansion of producers in places that have less stringent environmental regulation.

Beyond the low-hanging fruit: how should policymakers judge environmental regulations when marginal costs are rising and marginal benefits are falling?

Therefore the first studies empirically assessing the impacts of environmental regulations on trade dealt with local pollution issues and tested the pollution haven hypothesis/effect (Kalt, 1988; Tobey, 1990; Grossman and Krueger, 1993; Jaffe et al., 1995).

Carbon Leakage and Competitiveness of Cement and Steel Industries Under the EU ETS: Much Ado About Nothing

FDI and the capital intensity of "dirty" sectors: a missing piece of the pollution haven puzzle.

Environmental pollution: an underrecognized threat to children's health, especially in low- and middle-income countries

However, several recent studies that use panel data to control for unobserved heterogeneity, or instruments to control for endogeneity, do find statistically significant pollution haven effects of reasonable magnitude.

Environmental federalism: a survey of the empirical literature

The author found that the trade openness had a negative impact on several air pollutants including S[O.sub.2], and found mixed evidences for the pollution haven hypothesis depending on the pollutants examined.

Mas alla de la Curva Ambiental de Kuznets: comprension de los determinantes de la degradacion ambiental en Mexico

The supportive view is "hypothesis of pollution haven" (Walter and Ugelow, 1979).

VAR analysis of foreign direct investment and environmental regulation: China's case

The pollution haven effect (PHE) predicts that more stringent environmental regulation in a country would decrease domestic production and increase imports in the regulated markets.