public works

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public works

any expenditure by government on social INFRASTRUCTURE such as roads, houses, hospitals, sewers, etc. Such expenditure was strongly advocated by KEYNES during the DEPRESSION of the 1930s to alleviate the problem of UNEMPLOYMENT and to stimulate AGGREGATE DEMAND via the MULTIPLIER. See KEYNESIAN ECONOMICS, MACROECONOMIC POLICY, GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE.

Collins Dictionary of Economics, 4th ed. © C. Pass, B. Lowes, L. Davies 2005

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Despite marketing challenges, the focus on internal improvements had boosted operational efficiency, created departments leading to revenue growth and helped the company maintain its leading position among regional shipyards in 2014, it said.

Asry improvements paying off

internal improvement." (132) The fact that the officials would be

The interbellum Constitution: federalism in the long founding moment

In all, federal internal improvement expenditures, about $1 million per year on average before the Civil War, were inconsiderable by modern standards and compared to private, corporate inputs.

The pivotal role of private enterprise in America's transportation age, 1790-1860

The court struck the minutes of the Trustees of the Internal Improvement Fund, which was placed in the appendix to the brief, because the minutes were not presented to the trial court.

Murphy deed right-of-way reservations: a 1930s taxpayer bailout yields right-of-way cost savings

Lovell, which has its Midlands regional of- >ces at Woodgate Valley, will be carrying out internal improvement work to identi>ed properties over the length of the contract.

Lovell lands pounds 8.4 million deal

Monroe allowed that his journey through the western interior had brought many issues to his attention, chief among those "relating to manufactures and internal improvement." Monroe professed himself to be "decidedly friendly" to both, "believing ...

Policy speech in the nineteenth century rhetorical presidency: the case of Zachary Taylor's 1849 tour

To be sure, the Cumberland Road, like many internal improvement projects of the Jacksonian era, covered a large enough span of territory that it could be seen as a national interest properly within the jurisdiction of the federal government.

Trade and improvements: young America and the transformation of the Democratic Party

Consequently, when the substantial benefits of Class I improvement are first introduced (productivity gains up to 30 percent or more), the response is often swift and skeptical--particularly from operations managers, internal improvement teams and IT specialists.

Opportunity: an embarrassment of riches

In the first few decades of the nineteenth century, pages and pages of the Annals of Congress and Register of Debates were filled with repeated debates over the constitutionality of federally-sponsored internal improvement projects intended to facilitate commerce through improved transportation.

From the lighthouses: how the first federal internal improvement projects created precedent that broadened the commerce clause, shrunk the takings clause, and affected early nineteenth century constitutional debate

The self-assessment can be used as an internal improvement effort or as the basis for a Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award application.

Education Criteria for Performance Excellence, 2003

A narrow definition of the supply chain boundaries is useful if it gets you started on finding internal improvement areas.

Achieving supply chain connectivity. (Networks)

The Klabin team went into action and created an Internal Improvement Group whose goal was to eliminate these problems.

Successful experiences competition: highlights problem-solving teamwork: good ideas are sometimes their own reward, but for three Latin American pulp and paper companies, their good work won them industry recognition