Prince, "Generalized
gradient vector flow external forces for active contours," Signal Processing, vol.
To calculate in parallel, the
gradient vector is divided into groups which are executed in parallel.
(7) Repeat (4)-(6) steps grad_rep times; each time has an independent sample of [[DELTA].sub.i], and then finally acquire average
gradient vector at [[theta].sub.i].
For both the outer and inner surface of the posterior sclera, a group of even sampled seed points were placed on the end circles around the equator and were traced by the directions of the
gradient vector field derived from the harmonic scalar field.
The improved cost function integrates both modulus and phase components of the
gradient vector and then combines them with SAD cost, leading to a superior accuracy.
An exact calculation of instantaneous
gradient vector [nabla]J(n) is not possible because prior information on covariance matrix R and cross-correlation vector p is needed.
In continuous domain, the rate of change of a 2D image intensity function f(x, y) is given by the
gradient vector, defined as
The novel algorithm is named "an optimal algorithm (OA)," because in the local frame we have derived the optimal parameter of a in the descent direction, which is a linear combination of the
gradient vector and a supplemental vector.
The fractional-order
gradient vector with [alpha] order is defined as
The
gradient vector of parameters respect to error function can be obtained by chain rule in which the optimum values of parameters are determined by iterative algorithms.
The presence of a heat flux vector will always be accompanied by a temperature
gradient vector. The temperature gradient field is taken to be an indicator of conductive thermal resistance as, for a given heat flux, the greater the temperature gradient is, the larger the thermal resistance will be.
(7) Finally, the
gradient vector is normalized and threshold to a particular level for display of edge map information.
