All
ELBW admissions to the NICU were included except those regaining BW in [less than or equal to] 3 days, those who were transferred to another facility, or those who died before reaching discharge.
Of these, duration of mechanical ventilation and
ELBW infants seem to be the most significant in multivariate analysis [60, 61], although others like length of hospital stay, reintubation, enteral feeding, mechanical ventilation, transfusion, low birth weight, prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and parenteral nutrition have been identified in a recent meta-analysis of observational studies [62].
Abbreviations NEC: Necrotizing enterocolitis SIP: Spontaneous intestinal perforation
ELBW: Extremely low birth weight VLBW: Very low birth weight PPD: Primary peritoneal drainage PL: Primary laparotomy TPN: Total parenteral nutrition GBA: Gut-brain axis NDI: Neurodevelopmental impairment CNS: Central nervous system ENS: Enteric nervous system HPA: Hypothalamic-pituitary axis OR: Odds ratio RR: Relative risk CI: Confidence interval MDI: Mental developmental index PDI: Psychomotor developmental index RCT: Randomized clinical trial.
The revised statement also suggested infants born before 25 weeks' GA should be considered for earlier screening (six weeks' chronologic age, even ifbefore 31 weeks' PMA) to identify and treat posterior ROP, a particular form of ROP that rapidly progresses to advanced stages and is more likely to occur in
ELBW infants.
The authors conclude confirming the efficacy of iv paracetamol for PDA closure in VLBW and
ELBW preterm population and they also suggest the oral route seems to be valid but not recommended for such infants, showing intestinal mucosa immaturity with consequent unpredictable absorption.
In a survey of geographical disparities in infant mortality, 10.7% of infant deaths in the untreated group in the remote region were due to financial difficulties.[sup][13] Nevertheless, since the new national and local government-funded health-care insurance system termed “new rural co-operative health care” was launched nationwide in 2003, withdrawal due to parents' inability to afford the high cost of medical treatment was partly reduced.[sup][29] On the contrary, concern about the long-term outcomes becomes another main reason, especially the neurodevelopmental impairment of VLBW or
ELBW and those with congenital abnormalities.
The Infants were divided into the three subcategories of LBW, VLBW and
ELBW. The participating mothers were 22-38 years old, non-smokers, and were generally healthy and free from any known chronic disease and/or pregnancy-induced illness such as diabetes, hypertension, placental failure or infections.
Only another parent of an
ELBW baby can truly understand the fear felt when delivering an infant 12-16 weeks early; the trial of a months-long hospital stay; and the elation on discharge day.
Early predictors of school-age behavior problems and social skills in children with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and/or extremely low birth weight (
ELBW).
(1-8) Recent studies have documented a strong relationship between extremely low birth weight (
ELBW), defined as BW less than 1,500 grams, or LBW and poor school performance and behavioral problems.
"Extremely low birth weight (
ELBW) infants with chronic lung disease (CLD) suffer from growth failure and are at risk of zinc deficiency.
Diversi sono i fattori di rischio alla nascita che predispongono i prematuri allo sviluppo di disabilita, quali: la somministrazione di ventilazione meccanica prolungata (9); la presenza di patologie respiratorie come la Displasia Bronco Polmonare (BPD) (10), la cui incidenza aumenta di pari passo all'aumento della sopravvivenza dei prematuri Extremely Low Birth Weight (
ELBW, di peso inferiore ai 1000 gr.) (11); il verificarsi di Emorragia Intraventricolare (IVH), il cui rischio ha incidenza massima nei prematuri
ELBW (12).
