The nonlinear large-signal scattering parameters, which are based on the
black box model in frequency-domain, are used to describe the characteristics of nonlinear devices or circuits [26].
Clearly, the 6-parameter model can not capture the cytotoxicity of As (III), and its performance is worse than that of the
black box model shown in Figure 5.
There was very little difference between the results for the open box model and the
black box model. This was considered to be a good sign since it indicates that mass and momentum decoupling required black box programming is not necessarily required to produce good modeling results.
So, a
black box model is again an appropriate choice for predicting TTL for an individual subject.
Black box models are created automatically from data that relate some system characteristics with the variable we want to estimate.
Gray box models are a combination of white box models and
black box models.
Since many real systems are complex and we do not know the exact relations among their components,
black box models have increasingly been of interest in modeling.
The predictive models can be divided into two main groups (Smith, 2003): white box models and
black box models. The white box modelling is established on a prior knowledge of mathematic description of basic physical rules of controlled process.