In flow-through systems, larvae can receive a constant and optimal amount of algae, which does not occur in a
batch system where there is higher mortality of microalgae, thus favoring bacteria growth in larviculture tanks (ANDERSEN et al., 2000; TORKILDSEN; MAGNESEN, 2004; MAGNESEN et al., 2006).
Following the addition of the nanoparticles a shift to chemically reducing Eh and near-zero DO was recorded within 15 minutes of reaction for all
batch systems (Figure 1).
The advantages of using the continuous process, conceptually more modem than
batch system, are simplicity, full automation, reproducibility, but also high energy savings, considering specific energy (more than 50% lower than
batch systems), with the only disadvantage of requiring free-flowing raw materials.
Batch systems are passive, open-loop systems in which a large storage tank--often a discarded electric water heater, minus the outside covering and insulation-is painted black and placed inside an insulated box with a tempered-glass or other suitable translucent covering, which is angled toward the sun.
The Portable
Batch System, by contrast, prioritizes the programs and keeps them from starting until the resources they need become available." The highlight of the software is its flexibility.
Combining agitation-only vessels with jacketed ones is a good way to save on the capital costs of a continuous
batch system. A twist on that concept comes from the Hamilton Kettles division of Trinity Industries, Cincinnati.
Q: In my
batch system, the operator - who is a good employee and never wastes time - removes a casting from a container, performs the operation and places the casting in another container.
The Internal Revenue Service has ruled in a private letter ruling that costs incurred to convert from a
batch system of production to a just-in-time system--which produces long-term benefits--must be capitalized and may not be deducted.
Eventually, ATOMS will become a real-time on-line inventory system, replacing the current
batch system. And we'll also use the system to upload data to the MIS mainframe for costing and financial reporting.
Whereas Nissui's is a
batch system, Kawata's microwave dryers are continuous--resin is preheated with microwaves and then dried continuously with hot air.
The lower peak demand of the ZSK results in a significantly lower electric power rate, or demand charge, although the total power consumption per unit output may be equivalent to a
batch system.
