Knowledge of the morphology of the adult
acromion process will help define the bony landmarks to be used in assisting surgeons undertaking specific operative procedures and technique.
The present study analyses the morphometry of the
acromion process of scapula, which may help orthopaedicians during surgical repair around the shoulder joint.
At first, the
acromion process, lateral epicondyle of the humerus and the middle part of wrist were identified and the longitudinal axes of arm and forearm were determined.
Electrode placement for the deltoid was at the point halfway between the lateral aspect of the
acromion process and insertion of the deltoid on the deltoid tubercle.
The upper limb length was measured as the distance from the tip of the shoulder (
acromion process) to the mid palm, just proximal to the distal crease at the third intermetacarpal space.
Serratus anterior is underactive and upper trapezius is overactive in upward scapular movement (upward, internal and posterior tilt) during the elevation.29 The resultant motion of the scapula is desynchronised with HH motion and the
acromion process does not clear the HH underneath.
It bears a facet that articulates with the
acromion process of the scapula to form the acromioclavicular joint.
The
acromion process is dorsally directed, as in other basal iguanodonts (e.g.
The
acromion process is completely broken off, but there is a portion of the base of the coracoid process present.
Allowing the scapula to downwardly rotate will decrease the strength and efficiency of the arm motion; it will also cause a pinching of the supraspinatus tendon and subacromial/subdeltoid bursa as the
acromion process of the scapula and head of the humerus approximate each other.
The ToMPAW Arm's shoulder was controlled by a joystick modified to provide force feedback to the user, which sensed movement of the
acromion process. Neither the Edinburgh nor the ToMPAW Arms were introduced commercially.
(i) At shoulder joint, the skin samples were obtained slightly lateral to surface projection overlying the
acromion process of scapula.