We also consider the particular case with non-inactivating CaV (i.e., the [Ca.sup.2+] channel can be only in C the transition intensities from the transient states to the
absorbing state Y.
Then we have a CTMC with one
absorbing state corresponding to the failure state.
An absorbing Markov chain [23] is a special Markov chain containing at least one
absorbing state. The associated state transition matrix P has the following canonical form.
Within the mean field formalism, under PI dynamics, when [epsilon] = 0 the final state for the population is the
absorbing state with a density of cooperators [rho] = 0 (full defection) when [alpha] < [[alpha].sub.c] [equivalent to] c/[[bar.k][rho](0)], and the
absorbing state with [rho] = 1 when [alpha] > [[alpha].sub.c].
In summary, the following related conclusions hold: 1) a state with AU = [??]VW[??] is an
absorbing state; 2) a state will not transfer to other states with same VW value except
absorbing states; 3) a state with VW = w will not transfer to any state with VW value larger than w + 1, it should transfer to some state with VM = w + 1 first; 4) all transitions pointing at none-timeout states end with a successfully sent packet, while all transitions pointing at timeout states end with a lost packet; 5) state S{w, w-1) (w [greater than or equal to] 2) is not included in (1) and Fig.
Absorbing states could be reached either by collection or bad debt, both of which lead to a decline in the portfolio size.
Furthermore, because [R.sub.k] is an
absorbing state, the transition matrix for these states is an Identity matrix and [[mu].sub.ki] = 0.
The evolution stops at
absorbing states ,A : {(0, j) | j [member of] No}.
The bookmakers can't split the teams, yet it could be worth risking the Roosters, even though they have a number of players backing up from Wednesday's
absorbing State Of Origin.
Despite recent efforts in the Netherlands to lower the proportion of people falling into inactivity and benefit dependency, inactivity seems to have become a more and more
absorbing state when one analyses the flows from one labour market status into another (Appendix A).
