Figure 2 has also indicated that
thermal equilibrium condition is satisfied for Bekenstein entropy at apparent horizon.
If the Earth is in
thermal equilibrium what does this say about the energy received and emitted?
After
thermal equilibrium was reached, the expansion of the material lead to a drop in temperature of the same amount as expected, Fig.
During the experiments, the initial temperature of the reaction cell was set at around 20[degrees]C after which the cell temperature was raised to 100[degrees]C at a 5[degrees]C/min heating rate and retained for 30 minutes at 100[degrees]C in order to reach
thermal equilibrium in the reaction cell.
In this case the
thermal equilibrium began after 15-20 s, and the temperature of rolls reached 350-370 [degrees]C.
S1 is based on reaching
thermal equilibrium on a sufficiently long duration.
Doing this requires knowledge of the time required for the solids to come to
thermal equilibrium. The time required for this to occur will also dictate where the hot solids can be added to the reactor system.
When the machine is cold in the start-up phase of the production, the rotor needs some mixing cycles to reach
thermal equilibrium. During this phase, heat will be accumulated inside the rotor mass.
After the
thermal equilibrium was set, 0.05 mL of silane was added to 15 mL of the Grignard reagent (providing a 20-40-fold excess of the Grignard reagent), and the temperature change of the reaction solution (less than 1[degrees]C) was recorded as a plot of temperature vs.
Reaction temperatures can vary from -20[degrees]C (using an external chiller) to 150[degrees]C with temperature values measured and controlled at
thermal equilibrium to within 0.2[degrees]C of set point.