Theoretical option models (Buser, Hendershott, and Sanders (1990) and Ho and Lee (1986)), have shown that the value of a call option is determined by several factors: the volatility of interest rates, the term structure of interest rates, the schedule of call prices, the period of call protection, and the maturity of the security.
The value of a call option, however, is jointly determined by the schedule of call prices, the period of call protection, and maturity, in a complex relationship.
We have examined several areas in which the various theories are distinguishable: the subsequent rating changes of the bonds, the period of call protection, the investment activity of bond issuers, and the value of the call option.