The orientation-independent SSPC analysis also indicated that the internal friction and cohesion of rock mass, as well as the slope height and
dip angle, are the important parameters in the stability of slopes.
This study focused on the effects of both permanent fault displacements and dynamic ground motions on tunnel lining's response, including internal load distribution, displacement, and shear distortion of the lining section under reverse fault rupture at
dip angle of 45[degrees] and in an earthquake magnitude of 7 (i.e., the imposed fault displacements correspond to earthquake with Ms 7) (see Table 3).
Gutscher et al., (1999) interpret the seismic gap at intermediate depths to the north of Ecuador between 0[degrees]N and 1[degrees]S to the subduction of the Carnegie Ridge and the changes in the
dip angle in the Transition zones as tearing of the Nazca plate.
The lining shear distortion for FW1D case did not increase by increasing fault displacement, except for fault
dip angle 75 [degrees] (i.e.
The first group is likely associated with the plate interface and follows an apparent 20[degrees]
dip angle from the trench towards the coastline.
In Case 1, the rupture was initiated at the low
dip angle part of BCF3, and then it propagated to deep area BCF4 and to shallow area BCF2 and PGF.
Furthermore, as the
dip angle only differed with a maximum variation of 0.04[degrees], it was indeed a test to the performance of the sensor.
The laboratory results show that the fracture curve forms an approximate U-shaped distribution with the
dip angle being changed, and the rockmass strength reaches its minimum value when the
dip angle is 60[degrees].
where [[sigma].sub.n] and [[tau].sub.n] are the normal and shear stresses of the fault plane, respectively, MPa; [[sigma].sub.1] and [[sigma].sub.3] are the maximum and minimum principal stresses, MPa; [alpha] is the fault
dip angle measured in degrees ([degrees]).
where [[sigma].sub.n] is the general stress of the fault zone; [[tau].sub.n] is the shear stress of the fault zone, MPa; and [theta] is the
dip angle, [degrees].