The first modern
corporation in the world. Established in 1602 by the Dutch government as a legal
monopoly, it controlled much of the
trade of spices and other goods between Europe and East Asia for the next 200 years. The Dutch East India Trading Company also exercised government control over much of the East Indies; it exercised law and order powers and ran a military to fight against European (mostly British) and other competitors. It was the first company to issue
stocks and helped spur the existence of modern
exchanges. It dissolved in 1800.