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Underinvestment Problem

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Underinvestment problem
The mirror image of the asset substitution problem, in that stockholders refuse to invest in low-risk assets to avoid shifting wealth from themselves to debtholders.

Underinvestment Problem
A situation in which a company refuses to make low-risk investments to the detriment of bondholders. The company does this in order to placate its shareholders, who seek a higher return, but this exposes bondholders to more risk without the promise of a higher return. That is, the high-risk investments or projects may not perform as expected, resulting in bankruptcy, but the nature of bonds does not allow them to participate in any extra rewards from these investments or projects. The underinvestment problem may encourage bondholders to sell their bonds. See also: Asset substitution problem.


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On the other hand, an underinvestment problem is expected to be more pronounced for high-growth firms.
The implication is that, when income and lobbying power are highly concentrated, the stock of infrastructure may be close to optimal under the open regime but far below optimal under the closed regime; that is, trade rectifies the underinvestment problem associated with a high degree of income concentration.
Any future replacement for the ITS would likely experience the same underinvestment problem.
 
 
 
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