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Asset Substitution Problem

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Asset substitution problem
Arises when the stockholders substitute riskier assets for the firm's existing assets and expropriate value from the debtholders.

Asset Substitution
A company's exchange of lower-risk investments for higher-risk investments. Firms may use asset substitution as a form of financing, or as a move to please shareholders. It can be detrimental to the company's bondholders as it increases the possibility of default without any corresponding benefit because bonds have a fixed interest rate. On the other hand, asset substitution can benefit shareholders as it carries the possibility of higher returns.


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Zhang (2007) indicates that this argument is true for firms with severe asset substitution problems, particularly all equity firms with high growth potential.
Our results also suggest that firms do not solve the asset substitution problem by issuing common equity because they appear to have relatively high adverse selection problems.
According to Bicksler and Chen (1991), this impact should be expected, as these covenants help align bondholder and stockholder interests and thus mitigate the asset substitution problem that might exist in the absence of these provisions.
 
 
 
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